Lancaster Examiner and The Semi-Weekly New Era from Lancaster, Pennsylvania • 4

LANCASTER EXAMINER AND THE NEW ERA SEMI-WEEKLY MAY 28, 1920. FRIDAY, 4 HE LABOR SELECTING FERTILISER FOR TOBACCO IS A THING TO BE DONE CAREFULLY (BY OTTO OLSON, STATE EXPERIMENTAL STATION.) LACK OF FARM HELP MAT CAUSE FAMINE ED FARMERS OF TODAY HAVE IT ALL OVER MEN OF YESTERDAY mail; (Continued from last Thursday.) ON DEJ1LER FA SAY EXPERTS i IN I material used to the acre by the per cent, composition for each element, the applied amount of each can be calculated approximately. In normal inict. nitrogen is worth about 20 cents per pound, potash 5, and phosphoric acid, available, 5. The following table gives the composition of the most common fertilizers and other materials which can be used for tobacco soils.

By multiplying the number of hundred pounds of Modem Methods Have Made Property Blossom Like Jhe Rose And Yield Richly. Whereas They Formerly Had To. Walk Many Miles Now'They Can Ride And Work. Movie Shows Attract Young Men Who Would Refuse Work On Farms At Paying Wages. AVERAGE COMPOSITION OF FERTILIZER FOR TOBACCO.

Average Per cent. Per cent. Per cent. Application, nitrogen. Phos.

Acid. Potas-h. Per Acre. Fertilizer supplying nitrogen. iSM I Weekly Section Edited the earth re-seed time and and cold and "While maineth harvest, L.

B. Huber Of Landis Valley. "First the llade, then the ear, after that the full corn in the ear." The scarcity of farm labor in New York State is causing considerable consternation a-viong students of the food situation in New York City, who point out that the food situation throughout the entire country is becoming alarming and they contend summer and heat, and winter, and day and night shall not Genesis A visit fro the farms of Dr. T. C.

Detwiler, in Drumore township, more especially by one who knew the farms before Dr. Detwiler purchased them, will give anyone an idea of progressive farming. At present he has 100 acres of clover that can hardly be excelled in the county. This he has for hay. While some men thought that it was foolish for him to enlarge his barns, his crops this year will more than fill them.

He also has 100 acres of pasture land the grass on which is as fine ae some that will be cut for hay in many, sections. The planting of 200 acres of corn and soy beans has just been finished. These 16 0 0 200 lbs. 20 6 0 175 lbs. 5 11 0 400 lbs.

12 4 0 300 lbs. 7 2 2 500 lbs. 6 8 0 400 lbs. 0 15 0 400 lbs. 3 24 0 300 lbs.

2 16 0 500 lbs. 0 .0 50 200 lbs. 0 2-6 2000 lbs. 2 1 7 1000 lbs. 1.05 1 0.75 4 tons.

1 0.50 0.50 6 tons. 0.5 0.25 0.5 10 tons. Nitrate of Soda Snip. Ammonia i Tankage, meat and bone Dried Blood Cotton seed meal Fish Supplying Phosphoric Acid. Acid phosphate Ground bone v.

Dissolved bone Supplying Potash. Sulphate of potash Wood Ashes Tobacco Stems Animal Manures. Chicken manure Sheep manure Barnyard manure 8:22. The severe winter, followed by the cold and unusually dismal and late spring have passed into history, and the beautiful verdure of green and fragrant blossoms come forth as usual. The beauties of nature about us in the season of springtime were to some extent not as enjoyable as in other years, when the weather was more seasonable.

The much-appreciated and cool springtime, with its warm and refreshing showers and gentle breezes, are now a reality. The clear days are becoming more frequent, until, finally, "the mists have rolled away," and before we realize it summer will be upon us. Pessimism Passing. All this may seem to be idle and uninteresting talk, but realities do more The amounts given under the head ing "Average applications per -acre are intended to be used supplementary to manure. If no manure is used, these amounts must be increased A well-to-do farmer who started as farm hand some years ago ventured the opinion recently that farmers of today do not have nearly the hard work they did when he was a young man.

Years ago they had to follow the plow, while today they can ride it, and when they have a tractor, which is very often the case, they can prepare all their ground for planting. They do not plant corn with the hoe any more, nor follow a drill, but they ride one. They do not walk after a harrow through their 'corn fields any more, but mount a worker, and they even ride a seeder. They now cut their hay with a mower and it is loaded and unloaded with machinery. They cut and bind their wheat with machinery, and it no longer requires a large force of men to do the hay making.

The days of the scythes and cradles are past and gone. There are machines to cut the corn and others to husk it as well as to shred the fodder. Now a thresher will finish up the crop on a farm of even" the largest proportions in short order, and when it is done the grain is in the bags ready to be taken to: market in a truck that will make four trips in the time that it once, took a team to make one. These are among the labor saving features and there are a great many more on the farm, while in the house and the same conditions prevail and the women folks can save a great deal'of "labor. It is a splendid thing thatsuch conditions exist in these days when labor on the farm and in the house is so decidedly scarce.

It is safe- td 'say, said our farmer friend, that Lancas 'that the most serious question in America today is the salvation of our agricultural interests and the production of an adequate food supply. The Literary Digest calls attention to recent incidents, which may spell hunger, or at least famine food prices, within the nest few months. "A Missouri farmer went to Kansas City the other day to get two men. In front of the movie in the afternoon, he said, 'were many husky youths waiting for the doors to open not one of them would work on a farm. Want Big Wages, No Work.

"In Indiana swarms of idle laborers are besieging the factories, but refuse to work for less than $1 an hour, while distressed farmers vainly offer hundreds of jobs with good wages and board. "A Pennsylvania farmer who complained that his fields were going to weeds for lack of help said he counted as high as 578 new automobiles in one day being driven from Michigan through to their destination. The result of this, according to one acquainted with the situation, is a shortage of 24,000,000 acres of wheat this year, with a corresponding reduction of other food products, the automobile factories of Michigan and the middle Mixing and Application. Commercial fertilizers may be pur chased in complete' or mixed form or be purchased separately and mixed on the farm. The home mixing of these than appeal to the imagination.

For one thing, the depressing and calamitous agricultural forebodings that fertilizers is a simple matter and can readily be done on, any farm where platform scales, sand screen (about fertilizer material has a tendency to cake. 1 The fertilizer can be applied by means of an ordinary grain drill, if it is perfectly dry, so that it does not clog. The drill should be cleaned afterwards, as the iron rusts badly when fertilizer remains on it. Applying the fertilizer with a hoe or disc drill has the advantage in that the soil is given a good cultivation at the same time as the fertilizer is mixed with the soil. Good results, in early growths especially, are obtained when some fertilizer is applied in the drill by means of an attachment to the transplanting machine! Commercial fertilizers should be applied shortly before transplanting, say a week or ten days previously.

The best of tilth, care and cultivation must go with the use of them in order to get maximum results, as has-been shown that it does not pay to apply fertilizer unless" the soil is thoroughly cultivated, oefore and after the application. OTTO OLSON. State Experimental Station. 2x6 feet, and 3 meshes to the inch), a were rampant a short while ago are on the wane. The true farm spirit Is in the ascendant, the time being, shovel, wooden tanper and broom are at hand.

The materials are weighed and piled together on a clean barn that we should be workers on earth, and no one so well consults the best developments of his being as when he conforms his practice to the law. The persistent workers' in some suitable sphere, whether they be farmers, artisans or professional men, are the only really strong men in the world. While it is true that one may have too many irons in the fire, it is equally true one may not have enough irons in the fire. This saying evidently had its origin in a blacksmith shop, but it has done serviee in being illustrated in matters as well. The great problem on the farm at this time is to so regulate our efforts that we may accomplish more with the decreased facilities with which we have to contend.

There are plenty of farmers who sternly resent any allusion of a calamitous nature when applied to farm conditions. Industry Must Win. Farmers of this type have the affront to boldly declare that there never was a time when opportunity was knocking at every man's door as now: This does not mean that these farmers seek gain for themselves from their labors at the expense of others, or that they expect to shift some of their troubles, which they find burdensome, to others. No, they do not seek to oppress, but, by industry and thrift and intelligent effort, help to solve the problems of today. The Value of the Crow.

Perhaps you remember last winter how I tried to say a good word in defense of the crow. The crow, it seems, has not yet become as fortunate as some other species of birds (that have failings along lines from which the crow is exempt) to receive the recognition due them. This is the season of the year that the crow, by his traits arouses the ire of those who know him only as a thief. He is fond of the succulent grains of corn from which the germ has just emerged, with his short beak he can easily dig through the shallow covering and secure the grain, which, of course, is the end of the plant. When the corn is harrowed, just before it is ready to floor, placing the most bulky fertilizer on the bottom.

The pile is turned over two or three times, or until it shows a uniform color. It is then thrown through the screen, to remove the lumps. The lumps are smashed with the tamper and re-screened, west calling the young men from the whereupon the mixture is ready to be put In bags. It is best not to mix the several ingredients until shortly two are planted together and are harvested the same way for stock feed, and the Doctor's there is none, finer. This year thirty acres of tobacco will.be.

planted and there is an abundance of plants on hand for the field. All the farm work is well advanced. A tractor has done the plowing, harrowing and disking and without the tractor it would have been absolutely impossible to have had the work done so early. In addition, ae a matter of course, a large number of horses and mules were also used. The Farm Stock.

Sixty-five head of fat cattle were recently sold from the farm and shipped. They were of splendid quality and weight. The present stock on the farm, in addition to the horses and mules, consists of a large herd of Holstein stock in which there are a large number of fancy heifers' and bulls. More than 300 sheep are in the meadows. These have just been sheared and a good price is anticipated from the wool.

The farm was fortunate in losing none of its lambs and some of the early ones are now ready for the market. A large number will be reserved on the farm to increase the already large flocks. A large tract of land from which the timber had been cut is being cleared up and this will make an ideal sheep range. A portion of it has been sown in grass that will make good forage. The hogs on the farm are also a big feature.

There are a large number to be found in the pens and many shoats growing into what promises to be big money. There are a large number of chickens, geese, turkeys and guineas to be seen roaming over the broad acres. Fortunate With Labor. The farm has been exceptionally fortunate in the matter of farm labor. The men employed about the place have been well taken care of and they are proving their loyalty, by sticking to the place through all seasons.

The owner, himself, is on the job, every day and his theory that to be a successful farmer a man should be on the job all the time, which is about the correct solution of the farm problem. before needed in the field, as some Down Around at least. This does not mean that there is a sudden influx of help beseeching the farmer for employment, but that most farms are being worked about the same as usual hereabouts. The regular rotation of crops is followed. Farm abandonment does not go here, or even a near approach to abandonment.

It is true that most farmers cannot have everything about the place as spick and span as they would like to have them, but the well-cared-for crops indicate something doing. Some who earlier contemplated letting some of their tillable lands lay idle have changed their minds. They say that they have been able to get more done than was thought possible. Therefore, a great deal of this land has already been ploughed and planted, while others will be put into later crops. There are here none who are letting their farms lay idle, as we read some are doing in other sections and gone to work with their teams for others, and on the roads, offering a3 an excuse that this work is more remunerative.

Preposterous idea. Great Year for Prices. In the end all must come out of the land, and the farmer, ever hopeful, realizes this more than anyone. Furthermore, this looks like the beSt year The Drumores farms." The production is made by agricultural journals that there will be decreased acreage of most crops for the year 1920. The spring is very late, little farm labor is available and "farm swatting" continues among administrative state and municipal authorities.

Of some of the factors in the situation, H. W. Collingwood, editor of the Rural New Yorker, says: "Next winter there will be less food In the country than at any time during th war, unless we have the most favorable season and better conditions for farming. Farmers are not able to obtain help. The hired men have all left and gone to town, where they can obtain twice as much as they can earn on the farm.

The average farmer is ter county, would not be the' Garden Spot were it not for our prosperous and progressive people, and, he added 6ignificently, "would it not be good right now for ther to 'Pack up their troubles in their old kit bag and smile, smile, SPRAY YOUR APPLE TREES. Owners of apple trees are urged to spray their trees at once by the Department of Agriculture. This is the last week for spraying with safety in northern counties. FARMING IN SASKATCHEWAN. M.

D. Musser, formerly of Lancaster, now of Guernsey, In renewing his subscription to the "Examiner-New Era," writes interestingly of farm matters in his district. He states that they are just now planting most of their seed, as the season was all of the farmers have their wheat sown but not much oats or Many are sowing tome grasses and clover for both hay and seed, and have found it very profitable. Quarryville, May 27. A lower end farmer called our attention to a peice of ground on which he sowed alfalfa but the experiment was not a success.

Only a small portion of the crop came up and the ground was sowed in wheat, with which there had been mixed a quantity of timothy and clover. It is now a very fine field of grass and -in the portion where the alfalfa was originally sowed the pres rt planning to do what he can with his own labor and that of his family, and stop there." Farmers Need Help, Not Land, ent crop shows a mixture, M. N. Beeler, editor of the Farm and Free Farmers' Bulletins The United States Department of Agriculture has issued a large number of Bulletins designed to be useful farmers. They are for free distribution and will be mailed upon application-.

Those who wish to receive one or more of- the titles given below should cut out this advertisement, mark the bulletins desired, add name and address and send it to Congressman W. AV. Griest, Lancaster, Pa. Stockman, says the farmers of this come through the ground the extra covering serves as a protection until the plant is well established, and the crow loses interest in it. Young chicks and ducklings also fall a prey to the crow at this season.

With some faults the crow is on the whole one of the farmer's best friends. The crow destroys beetles, grubs and grasshoppers in summer. It is gratifying to find that many who were formerly enemies of the crow are now joining with those in showing the value of the bird to us. Distinguished ornithologists have long defended the crow and given him the recognition he deserves. L.

B. H. Name Address A lover of birds but not of cats in J.he lower end for years has had quite a number of the former roosting and nesting 6n the trees of his home lawn. He also had two cats and in spite of all he could do many of the young bicds were destroyed by the cats. Early this spring before the bfrds appeared the cats were banished and the birds seemed -to know it as they have made their appearance in numbers.

There are several pairs of for farm prices that we ever saw, and the idea of curtailing production will not strike a responsive chord with farmers in general. A ride through any progressive farm district about the first week in June will reveal a wonderful activity in farm matters. Those who have for years been working on a wrong basis and out-of-date -methods will be forced into something better, and will be the better for it. Another thing that cannot he readily ignored is that the law of God is GREAT BULL FOR COLLEGE HERD state Colleee. May 27.

The dairy herd of the Pennsylvania State country cannot produce the food that Is needed even though they have all the land they need. "Farmers are curtailing their production," he says, "to the acreage they can sow and harvest themselves. The food shortage instead of being relieved, is certain to become more acute as long as industrial conditions will pay a premium for the labor which farmers ordinarily use." Dearer bread is predicted and increasing demands of labor, reduced wheat acreage, and the general advance in all raw materials used by the baker is given as the cause. Prices will be higher for canned fruits because of the higher price of $ugar, but lower for dried fruits because of increased production and reduced markets. While the farmer is going ahead College School of Agriculture was recently imoroved by the addition of a 909.

Cattle Lice and How to Eradicate Them. 913. Killing Hoes and Curing Pork. 917. Growing Peaches: Sites- and Cultural Methods.

1 918. Growing Peaches: Varieties, Etc. 921. The Principles of the Liming of Soils. 926.

Some Common Disinfectants. 927. Farm Home Conveniences. .932. Rodent Pests on the Farm.

939. Cereal Smuts and Disinfection of Seed Grain. 941. Water Systems for Farm Homes. 946.

Care and Repair of Plows and Nutrition and Nutritive Value of Food. Propagation of Plants. Pruning. Cucumbers. Seed Corn.

Hog Houses. Bees. Use of Paint on the Farm. Tobacco Curing. and Its Value In the Diet.

Hints to Poultry Raisers. Good Seed Potatoes, How to Produce Them. Tobacco Culture. Poultry House Construction. Breeds of Sheep for the Farm.

Natural and Artificial Incuba 142. 167. 181. 254. 415.

438. 447. 474. 623. 626.

628. 633. 671. 674. 678.

686. 695. robins, cat birds and black birds and one pair of orioles and all are tame. This man has induced his neighbors to get rid of their cats and any stray ones that get into the yards are doing so at the imminent danger of several of their reputed nine lives. FARM ACCOUNTING A NEED TO PERFECT STATISTICS new Guernsey sire, Mixer Manner, purchased from C.

G. Bullers, of Brookville, Pa. He has a remarkable record and exceptional ancestry. The first six tested dams In his ancestry averaged 12,055 pounds of milk and 676 pounds of butter fat, excellent production for Guerpseys. His sire is Langwater Demonstrator, a bull that has a large number of advanced reg QUARRYVILLE ENJOYING A VAST BUILDING BOOM Although the prices asksd for building material are at about thu highest point that they have ever been, the residents of Quarryville do not seem A census enumerator in one of the largest agricultural townships in this county told recently what a difficult Two lower end men who passed out of the world a few days ago deserve more than passing notice for they had done their full share toward making their section among the finest With his duty, workers in the cities istry daughters, several having made over 500 pounds of butter fat as two-year-olds.

Twelve daughters averaged to ds Liraid to build, and the mechanics of the borough are having all and more than they can do at the present in the county. These men were Charles Gleisner, of Providence, and Levi S. Rhoads, of Eden township. time he had in getting the information he wanted from the farmers because there were very few farmers who had kept books of any kind, and who did not know what this or that crop was on some farms. A half-day or even more was spent in going over the matter, and even then it was not certain that the returns were correct.

5.57 per cent, butter fat In their milk for yearly records. Dolly Dimple, his grand dam, was a world's record cow At the time of his death Charles Gleisner was 93 years of age. He came to this country from Ger marly when he was 21 years of age and nine. Dr. Charles E.

Helm has just ritiishsd excavations for a large brick building on Church street, and Charles Aument is finishing his new residence on the same street. Dr. Eckman will soon have completed his fine horn? on State slreet, and Hays Edwards' new are steadily cutting down their hours and the amount of their labor. The direct effect of this is decreased production, which increases prices and exacts from the farmer a larger proportion of the results of his labor for what he buys. The farmer, who Is compelled to give the proceeds of fourteen hours' daily labor to obtain goods which are the product of only six hours' labor of the city man, is getting the worst of it.

He is beginning to realize this and "think it over." settled in Lancaster, where he work that produced 18,458 pounds ot mun and 906 pounds of butter fat at three anda-half years. He won first in his class and the grand championship at the Jefferson county fair last year. ed as a laborer until 32 years ago There was entirely too much guesswork about the matter. In a few tion of Kegs. Arsenate of Lead as an Insecticide Against Hornworms In Dark-Tobacco Districts.

Road Drag' and How Used. Breeds of Beef Cattle. Hessian Fly. Cottonseed Meal for Feeding Beef Cattle. Foot-and-Mouth ItKase.

Colts: Breaking anil Training. Simple trap Nest for Poultry. Food for Young Children. Fly Traps and Their Operation. The Feeding of Dairy Cows.

The Farmer's Income. Hoses for the Home. The Bedimg. Common Birds of Southeastern U. S.

Breeds of Swine. Canaries: Their Care and Management. Castration of Pigs. Contagious Abortion of Cattle. Turkey Raising.

Bread and Bread Making. Foods Rich in Protein. Trapping Moles and Utilizing Their Skins. Canning, One-Period Cold-Pack Method. Capons and Caponlzing.

Home Canning of Fruits and Vegetables. Removal of Stains from Clothing and Textiles. Tobacco Hornworm Insecticide. Swine Management. Making" Butter on the Farm.

Home Storage of Vegetables. Saving Seed for Home and Market Garden. Back-Yard Poultry Keeping. Breeds of Dairy Cattle. Rats and Mice.

Homemade Fruit Butters. home is also about completed. Mrs. Leta Carr will soon finish her new home on State street and the large brick garage of Amos Gilbert on the cases, but entirely too few, farmers when he bought one of the old ore Wank farms in Providence township, a sadly neglected one, and one which, It was predicted, would starve him to Harrows. 947.

Care and Repair of Mowers, Reapers, Binders. 948. The Rag-Doll Seed Tester. 949. Dehorning and Castration of Cattle.

954. The Disinfection of Stables. 957. Important I'oultry Diseases. 976.

Cooling Milk and Cream on the Farm. Barnyard Manure In Eastern Pennsylvania. 987. Labor Saving Practices In Haymaking. 996.

Steam Sterilization of Seed Beds. 998. The Culture of the Logan Blackberry. 1001. Growing Fruits for Home Use.

1002. Canada Thistle: Methods of Eradication. 1004. The Gas Tractor In Eastern Farming. 1006.

The Wheat Jolntworm and Its Control 1012. Preparation of Bees for Out door Wintering. 1013. Practical Hints on Running a Gas Engine. 1014.

"Wintering Bees In Cellars. 1019. Straining 1023. Machinery for Cutting Fire wood. 1024.

Currants and Gooseberries. 1028. Strawberry Culture in Eastern Part of U. S. 1030.

The Feeding of Horses. 1040. An Illustrated Poultry Primer. 1043. Strawberry- Varieties In the United States.

1044. The City Home Garden. 1046. Laying Out. Fields for Tractor Plowing.

1049. Bailing Hay. 1055. Country Hides and Skins. 1064.

Production of Late or Main- Crop Potatoes. 1 1068. Determining the Age of Cattle by the Teeth. 1067. Ft.edlng Hens for Egg Produc tion.

1068. Judging Bpof Cattle. 1075. Unfermcnted Grape Juice How to Make It. Ji Ji.

I II I'l I'. 1" I'S'l death. Instead he made it one of the 597. 812, 640. 655.

666. 667. 682. 717. 734.

743. 746. 760. 764. 765.

765. 770. 780. 790. 791.

807. 824. 832. 839. 849.

833. 811. 867. 874. 878.

879. 884. 889. 893. 896.

900. 901. 903. 906. 908.

were found who had kept books and could answer every question promptly. In such cases very little time was consumed. The enumerator also found that there were a number of cases when fanners had reports to make to the same street is also nearing completion. II. Galen Fritz has built quite an addition to his hotel and he is contemplating the erection of a brick dwelling on Hess street.

Work will soon be begun on the new stona church to be erected by the revenue department they were very reticent to him as they feared to make a slip-up of some sort in giving PROFITS IN CORN Corn yields per acre in the United States could be doubled within a few years, and this could be accomplished without increase in work or expense, says the U. S. Department of Agriculture. It is not to be understood that it la desirable to double the present corn crop, but it Is desirable to produce enough to meet all needs on a smaller number of acres and with less labor. If 60 bushels are raised on one acre instead of on two acres, the labor of harrowing, planting, cultivating and harvesting is greatly reduced.

most productive as well as one of the most attractive in that section. 1 A few years ago he retired to live on a small property he( owned and he also made this attractive. Levi S. Rhoads lived to be 85 years old and he was among the first Pennsylvania Dutch to settle in the lower end of the county, a matter that hia up-county friends always regarded aa a mistake. He bought the Bushong farm in Eden township 39 years ago at that time it was a fairly good farm.

He succeeded In making it one of the very best. He retired a few yeara ago and the farm is now owned by Dr. W. C. Webb, who 13 one of the greatest crop producers in the, Valley.

IMPLEMENT PLANTS MERGE. With a capitalization of $12,000,000 and a personnel of several of America's best known manufacturers, seven large eastern farm implement plants have consolidated under the name of Bateman Companies, Inc. The Bateman Manufacturing Company, located at GrenlVh; N. is the central figure in the new organization. Fred 11.

Bateman, goneral manager, will heroine president of the new corporation: Frank Bateman becomes a director and vice-president, and Frank B. Bal email takes the post of KceiPtury. Mathodist congregation on the lot recently purchased from E. B. Fritz, at Hess and Second streets.

This will tie one of the finest church properties In the lower end of the county. Workman are busily engaged in fitting up the large building along the railroad recently purchased by Bitncr Shirk, in which they will operate a candy factory. The Farmers' Association are building an extensive addition to Ih3 warehouse and mill on North their information. This class of men did entirely too much guessing. It is a natural supposition that the other enumerators had similar experiences, and, taken as a whole, their Job was by no means a sinecure.

a number of private residences are being repaired and repainted and Quarryville is now about as busy a town as there is in thO county. Everbearing Strawberries. Evaporation and Drying Fruits. The Self-Feeder for Hogs. Information for Fruit Growers about Insecticides, Spraying Apparatus, Insect Pests, S3SEn233XCOXC 'Church street.

In addition to all these.